Solo Diving with Whale Sharks in Thailand
This morning divers on Koh Tao were treated with the presence of a Whale Shark at the local dive site Chumphon Pinnacle.
Mark Slinn who is enrolled in a technical diving internship with Big Blue Tech was utilizing his SDI Solo Diver Certification this morning when he spent quality time with the whale shark. Mark experienced one on one interaction without any other divers.
This is not the first time mark has dived with whale sharks but it is his first time alone which made this a unique and special diving experience. When he got back to the boat, teh dives on board didn’t believe him and after all there were no witnesses, this remained the case until Yvonne Fries Big Blue Tech Crew arrived on the boat after completing some deep training dives and had also seen the shark.
So congratulations to the divers that saw them and .. sorry, maybe next time to the ones that didn’t.
Here is some stock footage from Ace Marine Images about Whale Sharks of Koh Tao
Hilter isn’t an advanced diver (parody)

YouTube have released a parody of Hitler complaining about his treatment by DIR divers for not being an advanced diver.
This video clip is actor Bruno Ganz playing Adolf Hitler during the end of world war II in the movie “Der Untergan (Downfall)” 2004 Constatin Films.
The premise of this parody is Hitlers highest command having the job of delivering the bad news to Hitler that his reservation to go diving on a charter boat in California won’t work because he isn’t an advanced open water diver. Hitler then starts to rant about split fins, snorkels and even making the mistake of wearing his mask on his forehead when not in trouble. The best quote in the movie is when the character says “I’m virtually a tech diver, i’ve put the gallileo into deco and traded my bcd for a transpac”
The film is very clever and many who are divers themselves will find this funny. Thanks to Kaare from the GUE Members mailing (Quest @ gue.com) list for sending us the link.
Full Face Mask Course in Thailand
Today Big Blue Tech started a Full Face Mask course on Koh Tao. The Full Face Mask course from TDI is designed to get divers comfortable using a full face mask and understanding the benefits and advantages. The divers who joined the course was Ash Dunn (staff) and Mark Slinn (Intern). Andy Cavell was supposed to join us but instead took his girlfriend fun diving in the afternoon and then he’s leaving to take her back to Bangkok.
The full face mask we use for training is the AGA Divator mask. These masks are the most popular choice of full face mask for public safety divers around the world. One of them came from a dive in the Canadian navy who was kind enough to bring it to Thailand for us.
These masks are perfect for cold water, television or film work, low visibility or chemically sensitive water. The mask covers your entire face allowing you to breathe through your nose or mouth, additionally it helps people who have a cold or any kind of dental, nose or eye problems.
While we were working in shallow water getting used to the skill of removing and replacing the mask other staff were busy loading up for the afternoon of diving and even Emily (big blue staff) came by to give the mask a try.
In the afternoon the staff and interns were busy cleaning the Apeks regulators (xtx 200 series with environmental series) and assembling new equipment recently purchased for the upcoming busy season.
Although today is Thursday, we’ll be closing for a long weekend as Andy Cavell is away in Bangkok, Mark moves into a new flat and Ash is celebrating his Divemaster Graduation (pictures coming).
Big Blue Tech starts again on Monday with the TDI Intro To Tech and Advanced Nitrox Course followed by a trip to Khao Sok National Park for a TDI Cavern Course just before Christmas break.
Big Blue Tech release new PADI TecRec courses for 2010

Big Blue Tech have revised their website to include the release of the new PADI TecRec courses we’ll start offering in the new year of 2010.
In September of 2009 PADI released the new technical diving cirriculum to the public with a new name and new standards. Many say PADI have made a move to follow the trend of modular teaching which are already in place with other diving agencies like TDI and IANTD. Additionally PADI have invited Cave Diving Instructors to develop their own courses called “TecRec Cave Diver” which will be specific to the instructor/author and suit the local conditions and methods.
With this change it appears PADI have also dropped the name “DSAT” which stood for “Design, Science and Technology” which didn’t really suite as the cover for their technical diving branch.
In January of 2010 Big Blue Tech will be releasing PADI Cave Diving courses designed for technical divers. This course will be distinctive to Big Blue Tech as it has been written by us. The other TecRec courses have been released for quite some time and can be seen below:
You can also read more on the PADI TecRec blog:TecRec Cave Diver
TDI Compressor Operator Course Premier in Thailand
Today Big Blue Tech conducted the first TDI Compressor Operator Course ever. This course was attended by Ash Dunn, Andy Cavell and Mark Slinn and conducted on Koh Tao island in the south east of Thailand. Big Blue Tech authored and submitted this course as a custom written certification and received authorization from TDI HQ to start teaching. We have been told that TDI plan to develop their own Compressor Operator course based on our outline.
The TDI Compressor Operator course is designed to introduce the safe operation and handling of scuba diving compressors and air bank systems. The students learned the proper checks, safety and hazards, minor maintenance and operation of 2 different compressors including the combination of a large air bank system. On our next Khao Sok expedition later this month they will also be operating a portable petrol powered compressor in the jungle.
Big Blue own over 10 compressors around thailand, on Koh Tao alone we have 2 Coltri Sub MCH16′s, 2 Bauer Mariner 1, 2 Bauer 250, 1 LW 450 and 1 Bauer Junior (for cave and remote diving). In Khao Lak we have 2 Bauer Mariner 250 and 1 Coltri Sub MCH16, which gives our students a lot different compressors to practice with and become familiar.
After our time in the shop and on the boat we filled all the twin sets and air systems in the shop giving the students ample time to practice and learn using a compressor un-aided. The students will later evolve their diving skills with future TDI Nitrox Gas blender and TDI Advanced Gas blender courses.
The certification earned will give the students the recognized ticket to operate scuba diving compressors in government controlled diving areas.
For those TDI instructors interested in teaching this course, feel free to contact us for authorization to teach this distinctive specialty course.
Oxygen equipment service technician course completed in thailand
Today Mark Slinn (intern) and Andy Cavell (intern) completed their TDI O2 Service Technician Course. This would be the most recent service and technician related course after completing their TDI Visual Inspections course last week.
The o2 Service Technician builds on servicing regulators and cylinders but to a “oxygen clean” level. The students began by stripping and cleaning an Scubapro Mk2 1st stage and R295 Second stage and cleaning it removing any source of hydrocarbons. After a full clean and inspection the regulators we re assembled and tested. After full assembly the regulators were marked and recorded to be used in future training when breathing oxygen underwater. You can read more about this unique course here.
As the internship progresses the interns will be required to attain the SDI Divemaster certification and later the TDI Technical Divemaster certification. Since they are already PADI Divemasters all they had to do was cross over their skills and fill the gaps in the training.
One of these gaps is the most unpleasant swim tests and “surface recovery” or “ditch and don” exercise. The swim test are similar to other organizations with slight differences and the ditch and don exercise is rarely in a divemaster program in any official capacity (although many introduce it). At lunch we hit the water to cover these skills and stamina tests. The ditch and don is described as sinking your scuba gear, freediving down to it and assembling it underwater in about 3m. There are more steps to it but that’s the general description.
All of them did really well except Mark. Mark is a former soldier from the Parachute Regiment and is considered rather tough, however a cold got in his way and he couldn’t get down. He spent the remainder of the day blowing his nose and generally moaning on the surface with the instructor. He’ll get another chance in a few days.
In the afternoon the students cleaned their lean decompression mix cylinder while Ash cleaned twin set in preparation for our epic diving adventure in January. Once the practical work was finished the students sat a written exam and put all the tools away to prepare for the TDI Compressor Operator Course (distinctive) tomorrow.
Emergency oxygen provider course completed in Thailand
Today Mark Slinn (intern), Andy Cavell (intern) and Ash Dunn (staff) attended a DAN (Divers Alert Network) O2 (oxygen) provider course. The course was conducted by the experienced dive medic technician and DAN O2 Provider Instructor Steve Reid. Steve took a break from his busy schedule as the owner of the new resort Sea View Koh Tao to conduct the course for Big Blue Tech and other diving schools in the area.
The course is described as:
DAN´s Oxygen First Aid for Scuba Diving Injuries Provider Course was designed to fill the void in oxygen first aid training available for the general diving public.
This course represents entry level training designed to educate the general diving (and qualified non-diving) public in recognizing possible dive related injuries and providing emergency oxygen first aid while activating the local emergency medical services (EMS) and/or arranging for evacuation to the nearest available medical facility.
In DAN´s most recent dive accident record, less than 33% of injured divers received emergency oxygen in the field. Few of those received oxygen concentrations approaching the recommended 100%. DAN and all major diving instructional agencies recommend that all divers be qualified to provide 100% oxygen in the field to those injured in a dive accident.
For countries like Australia, this course is required for all scuba diving professionals. For us on Koh Tao, this course is included and required for all staff and internship candidates.
The course was completed using theoretical examples, study of local and international law and practical assembly and administration of oxygen and oxygen related equipment.
This would be the perfect course leading up to their O2 Equipment Service Technician Course on the following day.
Nanhai One shipwreck artifacts on display in China
Spectacular porcelains salvaged from an ancient Chinese merchant ship are on display in Yangjiang City of Guangdong Province. The “Nanhai One,” or “South China Sea One” captured the nation’s imagination when it was raised from the depths of the sea in December of 2007.
One spectacular highlight was that the ship was laden with fine Chinese porcelain manufactured some 800 years ago.
For the first time, visitors were able to appreciate the fine works that were lost at sea during the height of China’s maritime trade centuries ago.
Like many sunken wrecks, “Nanhai One” proved to be a treasure trove. More than four-thousand gold, silver, and porcelain artifacts, and six-thousand copper coins from the Southern Song Dynasty were salvaged. Experts estimate Nanhai One contained more than eighty-thousand valuable relics.
The Southern Song Dynasty marked the first high point of China’s porcelain industry. Products were exported to east, south and west Asia. They traveled as far as the east coast of Africa. Those who owned porcelain in those days were seen as holding status.
As the locale where the sunken ship was discovered, the coastal city of Yangjiang has established a special museum to house these retrieved treasures. The Guangdong Maritime Silk Road Museum showcases not only the salvaged works of art, but also displays the ship wreck, stored in a huge transparent case. The museum has officially opened with a ticket price of 80 yuan per person.
WWII fighter pilot’s Hellcat is pulled out of Lake Michigan
A fighter pilot has recalled the moment he crash landed in a lake – as his fighter plane was lifted from the water 65 years on.
The U.S. Navy led the recovery of the World War II F6F-3 Hellcat from the depths of Lake Michigan, Waukegan, today.
The plane – the sixth to be removed from the lake – had been submerged at 250 metres since January 5, 1944.
Although its pilot, Walter Elcock, 89, said he remembers the day as though it was yesterday.
During a training exercise during which Elcock was practising landing on a carrier deck, he was brought it in too low and lost his lift.
Elcock and his plane were left dangling over the side of the carrier after its tail hook got caught on a safety cable.
‘My right wing went out from under me and I went over the side of the carrier,’ he said.
‘So here’s the ship and I’m hanging straight down, looking at Lake Michigan.’
Elcock secured himself in the cockpit after saying he felt like something ‘was going to give’.
Then the cable snapped, plunging Elcock and the Hellcat 30-feet into the icy waters.
Elcock, who now lives in an assisted home in north-west Atlanta, said he was 10-feet under when he unhooked his seatbelt and parachute and swam to the surface.
A coast guard rescue team was waiting to fish him out.
Sixty-five years later, Chicago-based A&T raised the plane, which will be placed in the National Naval Aviation Museum in Florida.
The recovery, which cost $250,000 (£151,000), was paid for by Andy Taylor, chief executive of Enterprise Rent-A-Car in honour of his father, a Second World War naval aviator who flew the Hellcat planes on the carrier Enterprise.
Elcock’s grandson Hunter Brawley was at Waukegan Harbour, Illinois, today when the Hellcat touched down on land for the first time since 1944.
He called his grandfather while sitting in the cockpit of the plane, telling him: ‘I don’t know how many people get to see the plane their grandfather flew in, but literally sit in the place their grandfather flew in. And it’s made my year.’
Elcock said when he was told of the plan eight months ago, he thought the team were ‘out of their heads’.
He added: ‘There’s an easier way to find an airplane, you know there are bound to be some sitting around.’
But when asked how he felt after the planed had been rescued, Elcock said: ‘It brings back memories, some good, some not so great. I miss a lot of people I served with.’
Hellcats were used by the Navy between 1943 and 1946, phasing them out after the peak of the war.
They were designed to be built quickly and included cockpit armour and bullet-resistant windshields to help pilots survive an attack.
Holiday Diving Events Around Thailand
Big Blue Tech have published their upcoming schedule of various technical diving events during the holiday season of December and January.
These events can be found down the right hand side of our main news page or here:
- Event: Cavern Diver Course Expedition Khao Sok
Fri 18 December 2009
- Event: Cavern Diver Course Expedition Khao Sok – 2010
Sun 3 January 2010
- Event: Sea Chart 1 Shipwreck Survey
Sat 9 January 2010
- Event: Tech Liveaboard Similans Island
Wed 13 January 2010
Otherwise Big Blue Tech will be training and diving leading up to these events.
Christos Kardana’s Technical Diving Photography Gallery
Christos Kardana, former tech crew member of Big Blue Tech has put his photo’s online on Flickr for everyone to see.
The majority of his work was composed during diving trips with us to Khao Sok and other diving destinations we ventured over the past 6 months.
On his website he describes his method by saying:
“Utilising multiple cylinders and mixed gas blends, technical diving allows you to dive beyond the standard recreational range. Characterised by extensive equipment requirements, added redundancy and decompression procedures; technical diving allows for exploration of deep water environments, wrecks and caverns.”
His collection can be seen HERE
Visual Inspection Procedures in Thailand
Today Big Blue Tech visited Dave of Aquatech Scuba Service and Repair to complete the TDI Visual Inspection Procedures (VIP) course for the Technical Diving Interns Andy and Mark.
We visited Dave because he has all the expensive precise tools needed including the “go no-go guage” and the hydrostatic testing station. We also needed to hydro static two scuba cylinders that had expired and thought this would be a great chance to show the interns how the whole process works.
Dave showed the interns how to use the several different tools, hydro static test, cleaning the cylinder and marking the exterior to show the valid new test stamp.
After we left Aquatech we returned to the shop to complete the exam for the visual inspection procedures. And not a moment too soon as the rain started. Although the interns are quite eager to finally get in the water they realized they were lucky to be doing all this service work when they saw the cold and miserable people ouside in the rain. So with the kettle on and some music we sat and relaxed through the afternoon as the rain passed.
The interns enjoy a few days off and then spend sunday doing their DAN 02 provider course. The phylosophy behind that decision was to ensure all members of the dive team could help each other rather then just relying on the staff for help. Hopefully we’ll get a member of staff to come in on the weekend to get some pictures.
Technical Divemaster Internship in Thailand
Today is the official start for the technical diving internship for Andy and Mark. Andy returns a year after completing his dive master course with Big Blue and later becoming a PADI instructor in the Uk. Marl completed his solo diver certification earlier in the year and has decided to just in the deep end head first to become a technical diving instructor.
The 3 month intensive internship includes everything needed to be a technical diving instructor in today’s diving climate. The following certifications will be EARNED in the coming months.
* Gas Blender
* Compressor Operator
* Visual Inspections Procedures
* Equipment Service Technician
* O2 service technician
* Full Face Mask Diver
* DAN Oxygen Provider
* Advanced Nitrox Diver
* Cavern Diver
* Unlimited diving
* Decompression Procedures Diver
* Advanced Gas Blender
* SCR Rebreather Diver
* Solo Diver
* Research Diver
* All Khao Sok Trips
* All Similans Islands Liveaboards
* Extended Range and Trimix Diver
* TDI Technical Divemaster Rating
* BSAC Extended Range, compressor operator and oxygen provider Instructor
* Aqualung Service Technician Instructor
Today started with basic gas laws, dive planning and a review of nitrox and diving terms. In the afternoon the interns started their visual inspection course by servicing their own twin set and cylinders. These twin sets along with diving gear would be their own to use for the duration of the 3 months so it was essential they learned not only how to use them but also the process to troubleshoot and service them. Even Ash joined in for a bit of a theory refresher.
Tomorrow the interns move into advanced nitrox planning along with more visual inspections before the weekend.
Our internships happen every 3 months, the next available space is march 15th.
Open for the new season of technical diving in thailand
Big Blue Tech opens it’s doors today to start the new season after closing during the annual monsoon that hit’s the east side of Koh Tao, however the monsoon never happened. Despite diving destinations on the east coast of Thailand like Pattaya being effected by consistent rain and flash flooding; koh tao was sunny and dry.
The many wise locals of koh tao who have been on the island before beer swear that monsoon is coming and that we shouldn’t be opening just yet. So against better judgment we opened the doors of Big Blue Tech and welcomed all the new activity.
One of the more regretful events is the departure of Christos Kardana who’s leaving Thailand to go to England to delve into the plentiful job market there. Regardless we hope he’ll find nothing but misery and come back in the new year.
Today isn’t without celebration as it’s also the first day for Ash Dunn who has been training to become the new Facilities Manager for this past month and walked right into work this morning ready to get to go.
Today is also the first day for our new technical diving interns who have a very long list of courses and goals to complete over the next 3 months on their way up to becoming a technical diving instructor. You can read more about them tomorrow.
Event – Advanced Nitrox and Decompression Procedures Course
TDI Advanced Nitrox
Advanced Nitrox

The objective of this course is to train the divers in the benefits, hazards and proper procedures for utilising EAN 21 through to 100 percent oxygen for dives not requiring staged decompression. To a depth of 40 msw (130fsw) this course can be combined with Decompression Procedures at the discretion of your instructor.
Student Prerequisites:
• Minimum age of 15
• Minimum certification of TDI Nitrox Diver or equivalent
• Proof of 25 logged open water dives
Duration:
This course is run over three days if taught stand alone or five days if combined with the TDI Decompression Procedures course. Students looking at moving into further technical diving courses will need Advanced Nitrox certifications to enroll on the higher technical dive courses.
Download the full course outline in PDF
Decompression Procedures
Decompression Procedures

Duration:
This Course examines theory, methods and procedures of planned stage decompression diving. The objective of the course is to train divers how to plan and conduct standard staged decompression dives not exceeding a maximum depth of 150 fsw / 45 msw. During the course students will look at the most common equipment requirements, gear set-ups, decompression techniques and dive planning. Students are able to use EAN and Oxygen for decompression provided the gas mix is within their current certification level.
Student Prerequisites:
• Minimum age of 18
• Minimum certification of open water diver
• Proof of 25 logged open water dives
Duration:
This course is run over three days if it is taught stand alone or over five days if combined with the TDI Advanced Nitrox course. Consisting of two days theory, equipment workshop and three full days boat diving. Students taking the combined training will also require a basic nitrox certification to enroll onto the Advanced Nitrox course. See our main price list which shows you the course saving when combining the Advanced Nitrox course with the Decompression Procedures course.
Download the full course outline in PDF
Cost: 25,000 THB when booked online.
Dema Unveils Scuba Innovations
The scuba diving industry’s largest trade expo — the Dive Equipment and Marketing Association — was held earlier this month in Orlando. Exhibitors displayed the latest must-have dive gear and introduced vacation packages to such far-flung destinations as the Galapagos Islands and Palau. Here are some of the new diving innovations you can expect to see at retailers in the next few months:
• Hydroacoustics Inc. Diver Interdiction System: Here’s a great way to shoo pesky divers from the lobsters hiding underneath your dock. For $60,000, you can buy a nonlethal, suitcase-sized unit that emits ‘acoustic bio-effects’ when a lobster diving rival or someone else gets too close. Just hang it over the side, and let it rip.
‘Anyplace where there’s an air cavity, that’s where it impacts,’ HAI sales director Tim Bibens said. ‘It’s very uncomfortable.’
If you would like to have incriminating video of the suspect, you can deploy the company’s Proteus 500 ROV. Priced at about $33,000, this remote-operated vehicle can dive as deep as 500 feet and be programmed to surface on its own.
It runs on batteries, so there’s no need to hook it up to shore power. Of course, its best uses are to inspect bridges and piers and to discover sunken shipwrecks.
• Liquid Image Underwater Camera Mask: Underwater photographers no longer have to schlep around a camera and strobes to shoot pictures and video of colorful fish and coral. For about $150, you can have a dive mask, video/still camera and lights — all worn on your face. The Liquid Image is certified to 115 feet deep, with a 64 megabyte internal memory. Perfect for hands-free snorkeling, scuba diving, spearfishing or freediving.
• Pegasus Thruster: Invented by a pair of Miamians, this innovative hands-free propulsion system was unveiled at DEMA in 2003. But company official Steve Williams said they needed to work out some bugs, so they held off on bringing it to market until now. Just strap the propeller on your scuba tank, press the button and fly along the reef at speeds of up to two knots. Williams said its 12-volt battery allows 35 to 40 minutes of continuous running, and it can operate as deep as 325 feet. At $2,375 for the basic unit, it’s not cheap. But just think, you will be channeling James Bond in Thunderball.
• Morfin Turbo Delfin: If you saw a pair of these dive fins hanging up on a wall, you might mistake them for plastic angelfish decorations. But company president John Melius said their hydrofoil blades mimic some of nature’s best swimmers.
‘The best swimmers are the dolphins and whales,’ Melius said. ‘How many frogs swim across the ocean?’
Priced between $100 and $200, Morfins were designed to increase kicking power and allow easier cruising, Melius said.
‘It took me three years to realize I had engineered a fish,’ he said. ‘Well, that’s 450 million years of unbroken success.’
• Neptunic shark suit: You could be mistaken for one of the Knights of the Round Table as you bop along the reef or perform underwater construction projects wearing this metallic outfit.
Previously available only to underwater filmmakers, the Neptunic now protects recreational scuba divers head to toe for the Hollywood celebrity-like price of $4,500.
So, if you are really that scared of species whose numbers have shrunk exponentially since the release of Jaws in the 1970s, whip out your Amex. Surfers, you really would turn a lot of heads navigating the breakers in this get-up.
Sea lions are being trained to detain suspicious divers
Expert Gremlin, a Californian sea lion, showcased his skills at a US Navy demonstration watched by officials at the Nato Underwater Research Centre at La Spezia bay, Italy, in October.
Handlers from the US Navy’s Space and Naval Warfare Systems Centre Pacific (SSC Pacific), based in San Diego, were displaying the super-trained animal’s unique abilities to European Nato staff.
America will now begin using seals at one of their top Naval bases in Washington State to patrol for terrorists as part of a drive launched after the 9/11 attacks.
The super-skilled sea lion showed how one of his tasks was to assist dolphins and Navy divers train for mine sweeping during war.
He swam down to a fake version of the dangerous device and attached a clamp so it could be reeled in by his keepers.
In combat situations, such as during Operation Iraqi Freedom dolphins were enlisted by the US Navy to plant markers that emit radio signals next to submerged mines.
During training for mine sweeping practice, the sea lions are conditioned to recognise various shapes of water mines.
Ann Dakis, a spokesperson for SSC Pacific, said: “In training, sea lions are shown practice mines and from continual practice they learn to recognise what they are looking for.”
The animals can also be fitted with a special harness attached to a lead, which allows trainers to keep track of them while they are hunting for underwater objects.
Cameras can be fitted to the harness giving military staff live video images from under the surface. When they are not helping dolphins and humans train to find explosives, sea lions patrol harbours and try to stop enemy divers trying to sneak into friendly waters undetected.
More spectacular perhaps are the sea lions ability to detain intruder divers whilst underwater.
“We have trained sea lions to attach a leg cuff, just like hand cuffs, but fitted on a diver’s thigh,” said Tom LaPuzza, a spokesperson for the Biosciences Division of SSC Pacific.
“The device works in the same way as handcuffs. Once they are on, they cannot come off.
“A line is attached to the cuffs and the other end is held by security forces on a nearby boat. The human forces can then reel in the intruder and take him or her aboard for questioning.”
Animals are used instead of humans because they are at home in the water and perform best.
US Navy bosses have now chosen to put in place a team of sea lions and dolphins at one of its top coastal bases.
The marine mammals will patrol the Naval Base Kitsap-Bangor in Washington State, on the American west coast.
A Department of Defence statement said: “The marine mammals would respond to security alerts by finding, identifying, and interdicting intruders.”
“When an intruder is identified, the animal locating the intruder would be provided with marking hardware to localise the intruder and interdiction hardware to enable apprehension of the intruder by security personnel. The Navy marine mammals would also participate in periodic training exercises.”
The US Navy currently have 28 California Sea Lions, 80 Atlantic and Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins and one Beluga whale in service.
The American forces first began training marine mammals in the early 1960s. They were first put to use between 1970-71 during the Vietnam War where they were brought in to protect the US Army ammunition pier in Cam Ranh Bay.
Divers find preserved sunken stern-wheeler
A perfectly preserved stern-wheeler has been discovered on the bottom of Lake Laberge, about 30 miles north of Whitehorse.
The 108-foot A.J. Goddard sank on Oct. 22, 1901 in about 40 feet of water. Two crewmen survived and three drowned.
Doug Davidge of the Yukon Transportation Museum in Whitehorse found the gold rush time capsule during a sonar survey. He has been looking for it on and off since the 1980s.
The Instiute of Nautical Archaeology in Texas announced the find Monday.
“In 1901, a trapper camped on the shores of the lake saw Goddard’s tiny pilothouse, torn off the sinking steamboat, with two survivors, half frozen, clinging to it. He saved them. Three other crew members drowned, their bodies washing ashore to be buried by the Northwest Mounted Police. Diving on A.J. Goddard, it is as if these events happened yesterday,” the institute said in a press release.
There are tongs in the forge on the deck and the framework of the tent the men slept in on the deck remains. There is an axe on the deck, along with a crewman’s coat and shoes. A cook pot was found in the mud next to the ship.
The steamboat was built in San Francisco, taken apart in Skagway and hauled over the mountains to Lake Laberge.
“The discovery has been reported to the Canadian government and the Yukon government, and the winter ice has once again sealed the grave of A.J. Goddard. A return expedition to continue the study of the wreck is planned for 2010, when the team will document the wreck further and probe its interior for further revelations about life on the gold rush frontier,” the institute said.
Courage required for Fiji’s famous limestone cave dive
To get to the inner limestone cave of Sawa-i-Lau, you must dive under a rocky curtain and swim through an underwater tunnel.
When the tide is high, both are under water and in pitch darkness. At less than high tide, the “curtain” is just a few centimetres out of the water.
It’s a dive into the unknown. You need a modicum of courage, as you scrape your head along the rock in the dark beneath the island opposite the village of Nabukeru, in Fiji’s Yasawas chain.
Two colleagues turn back. It’s too cold, they say. And they’re claustrophobic. But it’s only by visiting this inner sanctum, says the Fijian villager waiting for us inside, that you actually arrive at the heart of the Yasawas, the islands created by a dramatic fault that runs into the South Pacific on the north-western fringe of Fiji.
Only when you’ve visited this cave, says the villager, can you say that you have been to the Yasawas.
“This is the spirit of the Yasawa (singular),” says the villager, standing waist deep on a submerged rock.
It’s not completely black in the cave: there’s a vent dropping down on the way in, through the ceiling from the tall, rocky island above. But it’s black enough to make the nervous queasy.
You need a torch inside. The water is clear and, while not cold, it’s crisp, a degree or two cooler than the 26 degrees in the Pacific Ocean, which feeds the caves subterraneously.
The outer cave is a tall atrium. It’s well lit through its southern side, which is open.
The inner sanctum is very different. Most of the 20-metre long space is little more than a low gap between the sea water, at whatever the tide, and the limestone roof.
There is no sign of sea life in here, although the guide inside tells us there are small eels in there, somewhere.
This is our fourth visit to Sawa-i-Lau, but this time there is a big change up here, mirroring changes more broadly affecting the Yasawa, a pristine and geographically remote part of the world.
When we arrive in our runabout after a 45-minute voyage from Tavewa Lagoon to the south, we are greeted by Lucy, dressed brightly in a blue floral uniform, who introduces herself as our hostess.
Lucy herds us on the narrow beach and briefs us on the island and its dangers, such as slippery rocks on the water’s edge, and the low rocky overhang on the stairway down to the caves entrance inside the island. (“Drop your head: Don’t damage the rock,” says the sign at the entrance.)
Risk managers have been here, we think. On earlier visits, we had locals in stubbies and singlets take us into the rock, and that was it.
Their party trick was to clamber up the sheer rock faces inside the outer cave and plummet into the water, scattering the visitors bobbing around below them.
Now Lucy inducts us, like on a building site, then ushers us to the cave guides on the concrete stairs leading up to the caves’ entrance.
Those guides brief us again on the caves and their dangers, before directing us down the stairs to plunge two metres into the outer cave, where the water is around three metres deep.
The guides inside still plunge from great heights inside, to amuse the visitors, but the environment overall is much more controlled, more tightly managed, less spontaneous than it once was. (A gasp echoes around the walls as a reckless backpacker launches from the cave wall right below a local leaping from five metres above him. They land in the water in the same spot. Both surface.)
And they control access to the inner cave, allowing half a dozen at a time through the submerged tunnel. It’s more regimented and, in a litigious age, more professionally managed now.
There are four or five long, open tinnies visiting from the Tavewa lagoon down south, each carrying up to a dozen backpackers.
The journey up to Sawa-i-Lau has been fast and smooth, save for the final reach across a strait to the north of Nacula (Na-thewla), which is bumpy and wet, into a stiff nor’-easter and a heavy chop.
Our helmsman, from Joe’s Water Taxi, takes us directly across the channel into the lee of the northern shore, and along to the caves on the rocky island at the strait’s eastern end.
On the beach, Lucy moves from group to group delivering her welcomes and briefings with her soft, bright Fijian smile.
There are half a dozen women sitting in a line behind rugs spread in front of them offering souvenirs. We feel guilty that we don’t buy anything, but we’ve seen its like before. Most of the souvenirs look as though they’ve been shipped in from down south.
There are many other signs of progress around the Yasawas, an area known for its myriad budget resorts aiming at the backpacker and budget conscious traveller.
Atop Tavewa island, which forms the western boundary of the lagoon that bears its name, there is a telecommunications mast erected a year earlier by Fiji’s new mobile phone operator, Digicel.
The tower sits on the island’s peak, up a hill that is at times so steep that the locals have installed ropes to maintain traction on the hillside.
From the peak, there are panoramic views around the central Yasawa. The only sounds are the constant whoosh of the wind, and the beat-beat-beat of the wind fan which, along with solar cells, provides tower power.
Along with a primary tower on nearby Nacula, the Tavewa tower brings strong and reliable mobile phone reception and internet access to the central Yasawa.
We’re not pleased with this, but the locals are, not least because it makes communication with the outside world reliable.
Many local families have their kids away at school on islands down south, and resorts have offices in Lautoka, on the mainland.
And there are the employment opportunities. Locals were engaged to build the towers, and Api, who manages Otto and Fanny’s with his wife, La, Otto and Fanny’s niece, now has a second job in onsite maintenance for the two Digicel towers.
There are 17 resorts around Tavewa Lagoon, ranging from the up-market Turtle Island, a little to the south, to backpacker establishments such as Sunrise Lagoon, Safe Landing, Coral View, and Oarsman’s Lodge.
More budget-conscious than backpacker, Otto and Fanny’s, on the palm-heavy southern tip of Tavewa, is famous for Aunty Fanny’s afternoon teas (get ice cream with the cake of the day, alternately chocolate and banana).
Most of these cheaper resorts are not known for their food, other than in a negative sense, but Otto and Fanny’s turns that on its head: food is one of its strengths.
Otto and Fanny’s boasts Harry Doughty, Fanny and Otto’s son, a chef who has cooked at the resort for over 10 years. Harry’s food is sensational, particularly at the prices charged.
“Tonight, we are taking you to India,” says La, serving dinner on Tuesday. On Wednesday, it’s baked reef fish.
Unlike some of the other resorts, too, Otto and Fanny’s does not attempt to lock the visitor in to meal packages: you pay for what you eat.
If you don’t have lunch, for example, you don’t pay for it.
In the middle of the market in terms of price, a 1.7km swim across the channel from Otto and Fanny’s, is the stylish Nanuya Island Resort, with a dozen bures and another sensational menu.
There is vigorous competition amongst the Tavewa resorts, some gaining an advantage through a tie up with the provider of transport to the region, Awesome Adventures, which operates the daily Yasawa Flyer, a twin-hulled, high speed ocean-going ferry.
The voyage aboard the Flyer is an experience in itself. The four-and-a-half-hour trip north from Port Denarau snakes through the Mamanucas (Ma-ma-newthas), before crossing to the southern tip of the Yasawas, calling at up to 10 resorts on the way to Tavewa, two-thirds of the way up the chain.
The Flyer drops off and picks up backpackers, mainly, many of them on passes allowing them to visit multiple resorts over a week or so. (When you board the Flyer, head straight to the kiosk to get a roti parcel – curried potato wrapped in fresh naan bread: they run out early. And consider the Captain’s Lounge, which at $F20 one-way or $F30 return offers extra comfort, air-conditioning, and “hospitality”.)
The Yasawa is a beautiful, pristine, remote area. The water is clear and safe, the reef bright, varied and colourful, the air is clean, and a full day of swimming, diving, lolling about on the beach reading, village and cave visiting, leaves one ready to be sung to sleep by the lullaby of the sighing palms.
Divers suspected of stealing artifacts
The remains of hundreds of shipwrecks line the Florida Keys reef tract. Their stories are the history of the Keys.
Some wrecks have been identified, but many have not. The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and state archeologist have spent thousands of dollars investigating the wrecks to determine their origin. The remains have become living museums the sanctuary chooses to leave in the waters so divers can enjoy them in their natural state, as opposed to removing them and putting them in a facility on land.
The sanctuary has established a Shipwreck Trail, running from Key West to Key Largo, to showcase the wrecks and educate people on their history and importance.
Sanctuary officials are reminding divers not to take or move anchors, ballast stones and small trinkets found along the reef, as they could be the clues that lead to a wreck being identified.
The reminder comes after sanctuary divers discovered nine Crown patent fuel blocks, a mixture of coals that have been molded into briquettes, stacked on top of each other on a sand patch on Horseshoe Reef off Key Largo in August. Two researchers, who routinely work underwater in that area, observed the newly formed piles of blocks, sanctuary spokeswoman Karrie Carnes said. Sanctuary officials fear someone was trying to take them as souvenirs.
The divers know the blocks could not have been moved by wave action, as they were stacked too perfectly. One pile contained six blocks, with three blocks stacked on top of each other and three additional blocks nearby. Another pile just 10 feet away contained three of the same blocks lying together in the sand.
“While the site may have been impacted by storms and hurricanes over time but nothing except human influence could have created the neat stacks of these artifacts,” said Brenda Altmeier, who works for the sanctuary’s Maritime Heritage Resources Division.
The sanctuary moved the blocks to another area of Horseshoe Reef last month to protect them from further disturbance or theft, Carnes said. They are out of plain sight and protected from surges and other potential environmental impacts.
One of the blocks is on display in the sanctuary’s Upper Keys office.
Sanctuary divers first discovered the blocks and other artifacts on Horseshoe Reef in October 1993. Patent fuel was a means of using small pieces of coal that otherwise would have been wasted. These blocks bear the symbol of the Crown Patent Fuel Works Ltd., formerly of Cardiff, England.
Underwater archeologists suspect the blocks were from the 1894 vessel S.S. Moonstone, Altmeier said. While archeologists have visited the site and collected data to determine its origin, they have not been able to confirm it.
The National Marine Sanctuary Act makes it illegal to disturb a site or recover artifacts without a permit. Movement or disturbance of artifacts could diminish the quantity of potential information that may be obtained from a site, Altmeier said.
“Shipwrecks, as well as the many artifacts located along the Florida Keys, are nonrenewable resources that provide evidence of historical human impacts that have taken place along the Florida Keys for centuries,” Altmeier said. “Removing and/or moving artifacts may cause irreparable damage and potentially inhibit researchers from unlocking questions about past ways of life, historic or legendary events. Each artifact, regardless of its size, can aid in building the story of humankind’s adventure on the sea.”
Keys reefs have seen more than their share of shipwrecks, as captains for generations have struggled to navigate its shallow waters. Each year, archeologists with the State Division of Historical Resources and the sanctuary partner and pick several unidentified wrecks to dive on and collect data from. In the past few years, they have focused their attentions on the remains of three wrecks off Marathon, dubbed only the Rib, Brick and Pin wrecks.
“The wrecks tell us what was going on in transportation, commerce and war,” Division of Historical Resources underwater archeologist Roger Smith said. “These artifacts may seem small and insignificant, but they are a valuable piece of the giant puzzle.”
Diving Sunken Villages in Thailand

Ayesha Cantrell has written an article about diving in Khao Sok which features pristine caves and caverns with the lesser known feature of sunken villages, one of which has a submerged temple.
Ayesha refers to the sunken village we located and dived on earlier in the year, which you can read more about HERE and HERE
In one section Ayesha describes the environment perfectly in saying:
If you live in Thailand, working as a dive instructor, people think that you are constantly on holiday. Not so, and it’s good to get away once in a while, go diving somewhere else for a bit of fun, to see something different and keep island fever at bay.
Khao Sok National Park is as different as you can get from Koh Tao. The park is made up of thick ancient rain forest, calm and peaceful, with beautiful limestone columns towering out of the 165sq km lake that dominates the park. Most people go to trek in the jungle, spot wildlife and absorb the tranquillity, but a lake that large holds too much temptation for avid divers. This is where we go to chill out!
The rest of her article can be found on the DSAT Tec-Rec Blog
If you would like to dive on one of these sunken villages then you can join our monthly expeditions. For more info you can contact us at info@bigbluetech.net
Extreme Diving: Ice Diving in Antarctica
Antarctica conjures up images of lots and lots of snow, ice, glaciers, penguins and very little to see, but one thing you would never imagine doing here is Scuba diving. Well, think again! Even though the freezing temperatures that routinely plunge below -40°C (-40°F) and hurricane-force winds have created extreme conditions which have resulted in a land virtually devoid of life. No insects, no plants, no major terrestrial flora or fauna exist here. Yet, life thrives below the thick ice in the icy waters and McMurdo Sound in the Ross Sea has some of the most spectacular diving in the World.
Ice diving at McMurdo SoundMost of the diving in McMurdo takes place during the summer months of September to February (especially December and January) where temperatures are a more bearable around 30°F (−1 °C). Divers break through the 1.3-3m (4-10ft) thick ice using boring tools like a diesel powered auger, ice saws, ice chippers and even high explosives to make a hole about 1.3 m (4ft) in diameter and a portable hut is placed over this. The hut placed over the hole is mostly to keep the hole from freezing over again and it also provides divers a warm place to suit up. With freezing temperatures and winds outside the portable hut exposed Scuba equipment is at risk of becoming inoperable if not careful.
The water below the thick layers of ice remains a near constant temperature of -1.8° C (28.8° F) and once under, divers can experience an unbelievable visibility of 300m (990 ft)! Once a divers eyes adjust to the one percent of sunlight that makes it through the ice, they describe the experience as flying over a darkened landscape of hills, valleys and sheer cliffs and if one were to look up a spectacular glowing blue cover with a moon like crater that is the ice and hole, is their reward.

McMurdo Sound divers encounter colorful examples of sea life, including bright yellow cactus sponges, green globe sponges, starfish, sea urchin, jellyfish, sea anemone and some brilliant soft coral. One can even spot a Emperor Penguins gracefully swimming to find a meal of squid, fish or crustaceans. Needless to say diving at McMurdo Sound requires a high level of skills and proficiency in drysuit diving.
Odyssey Marine Exploration Acquires Stake In Venture To Pursue Exploration Of Deep-Ocean Gold And Copper Deposit
Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. (NasdaqCM: OMEX), a pioneer in the field of deep-ocean shipwreck exploration, has acquired a minority interest in SMM Project LLC, a company funded by a group of investors to bring together the exclusive licenses and skills of world renowned deep-ocean geologist Dr. Timothy McConachy of Bluewater Metals, the deep-ocean survey and exploration expertise of Odyssey, and the offshore coring and mining expertise of Robert Goodden.
SMM Project LLC recently purchased a majority interest in Bluewater Metals Pty Ltd, an Australian company with licenses for mineral exploration of approximately 150,000 square kilometers of ocean floor in four different countries in the South Pacific. The group will focus on the exploration and monetization of gold and copper-rich Seafloor Massive Sulfide (SMS) deposits through a new business entity which will acquire the remaining interest in Bluewater, in accordance with a memorandum of understanding concluded between the parties.
It is anticipated that Odyssey will dedicate certain marine assets, including a ship and related marine exploration technology to the endeavor, and will own approximately 40% of the new entity. In addition, Odyssey is expected to provide proprietary expertise and personnel management to the entity under contract, and will supervise operations to explore for deep-ocean gold, copper and silver deposits in areas covered by exploration permits currently held by Bluewater Metals.
“This is a natural extension for Odyssey and leverages our core competencies in an exciting new deep-ocean field. Deep-ocean SMS exploration and mining is where offshore oil exploration was 50 years ago, and the challenges to date have mostly centered on lack of technical expertise to find and recover these extremely valuable deposits that have high concentrations of gold, copper, silver and other minerals. We have been monitoring this field for years and have finally decided that the time is now right – and we have found the right partners – to make our move,” stated Greg Stemm, Odyssey Chief Executive Officer.
“The Bluewater Metals team has done an outstanding job building relationships with governments and securing exploration permits in some of the most promising areas in the world for deep-ocean mineral deposits. We look forward to working with their team to maximize the revenue potential from high-value mineral deposits on the ocean floor. The opportunities in this arena are a perfect complement to our pioneering shipwreck exploration work. Interestingly, looking for SMS deposits is a lot like looking for barely discernable shipwreck ballast piles, and I don’t think there is a better team in the world for this kind of work than ours, ” continued Stemm.
“We’re excited by the possibilities of this new deep ocean mining venture, but we remain committed to our core shipwreck exploration goals,” said Mark Gordon, President of Odyssey. “Although we plan to dedicate certain marine assets and personnel to this exciting venture, we’ve become highly proficient at mobilizing our technical gear on ships of opportunity and therefore retain our full operational capability for our shipwreck projects. We’re planning a full schedule of shipwreck exploration for 2010.”
“We’re looking forward to exploring our permitted areas with the Odyssey team,” said Dr. Tim McConachy, Co-Founder of Bluewater. “We’ve been successful in securing exploration permits in areas that we believe are likely to feature valuable SMS deposits based on previous expeditions and years of detailed geological research. The next step is conducting the deep-ocean surveys necessary to confirm these deposits. Partnering with Odyssey, a company with proven deep-ocean expertise and capabilities is the best way to ensure our success and with Robert Goodden and his team’s involvement we are confident of successfully proof coring anything we find.”
About SMS Deposits
Seafloor Massive Sulfide (SMS) deposits are naturally occurring deposits which contain high concentrations of gold, copper, zinc, silver and other metals in relatively compact areas. Although possible anywhere new ocean crust is forming, the highest grade deposits have been found at convergent plate margins, especially in the South Pacific. These deposits are formed as cold seawater moves down through cracks in the seafloor and is superheated by the molten magma deep within the crust. The hot hydrothermal fluid rises to the surface, dissolving and leaching metals from the surrounding rock as it rises. When the hydrothermal fluid encounters the cold seawater, the metals and sulphur precipitate and accumulate on the seafloor as a SMS deposit.
About Bluewater Metals Pty Ltd.
Bluewater was co-founded by Dr. Timothy McConachy and Mr. Harvey Cook. Dr. McConachy is widely considered to be one of the world’s most knowledgeable geologists with respect to subsea mineral resources and exploration. He has previously served as Chief Geologist for one of the world’s largest mining companies, Rio Tinto, and as Head of Seabed Ore Systems for CSIRO, Australia’s national science agency. Mr. Cook is an Australia-based businessman with broad experience in the South West Pacific region.
Since its inception, Bluewater has been granted 46 exploration areas called “tenements” representing approximately 146,311 square kilometers of exclusive mineral exploration rights from the governments of Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Tonga and non-exclusive mineral exploration rights from Vanuatu.
About Robert Goodden
Robert Goodden, a mining engineer, is an acknowledged expert in deep-sea coring and mineral exploration. He founded Seacore Ltd in 1975 and built the company into a world leader in marine geological and geotechnical drilling. Seacore Ltd was sold to the Fugro Group in 2006. Mr. Goodden personally retained Seacore’s marine mining interests and renamed the division of the company Subsea Minerals Ltd.
Mr. Goodden first became involved in SMS deposits in 2001 when he provided advice and oversight of the first two deep ocean drilling programs for Nautilus Minerals, a current leader in the SMS deposit industry. Since that time, Subsea Minerals has acted as a site consultant and drilling contractor to Nautilus. Goodden has been intimately involved with every commercial SMS core drilling project carried out to date, and together with members of his team, has amassed unique know how in remotely operated deep sea coring.
About Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc.
Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. (NasdaqCM: OMEX) is engaged in the exploration of deep-ocean shipwrecks and uses innovative methods and state-of-the-art technology to conduct extensive search and archaeological recovery operations around the world. Odyssey discovered the Civil War-era shipwreck of the SS Republic® in 2003 and recovered over 50,000 coins and 14,000 artifacts from the site nearly 1,700 feet deep. In May 2007, the Company announced the historic deep-ocean treasure recovery of over 500,000 silver and gold coins, weighing 17 tons, from a Colonial era site code-named “Black Swan.” In February 2009, Odyssey announced the discovery of Balchin’s HMS Victory. The Company also has other shipwreck projects in various stages of development around the world.
Odyssey offers various ways to share in the excitement of deep-ocean exploration by making shipwreck treasures and artifacts available to collectors, the general public and students through its webstore, exhibits, books, television, merchandise, and educational programs.
Odyssey’s operations are the subject of a Discovery Channel television series titled “Treasure Quest,” which is produced by JWM Productions. The 12-episode first season aired in the US and the UK in early 2009 and is scheduled to air worldwide throughout 2009. Production on a second season is underway.
Following previous successful engagements in New Orleans, Tampa, Detroit, and Oklahoma City, Odyssey’s SHIPWRECK! Pirates & Treasure is currently on exhibit at Discovery Place in Charlotte, NC. Additional information is available at www.discoveryplace.org.
For details on the Company’s activities and its commitment to the preservation of maritime heritage please visit www.shipwreck.net.
OMS PROFILE SIDE-MOUNT SYSTEM
In 2010 Big Blue Tech will begin distribution of the OMS Side-Mount System called the OMS ‘PROFILE’. Big Blue Tech saw this system first in February of 2009 while it was being trialled in the caves of Khao Sok National Park by one of it’s developers.
Along with the release of this new system will also be in the introduction of Side Mount courses including cavern, cave and technical diving specific course for the Side Mount popularity.
Side mount systems have been growing but because of problems importing the products to Thailand it has been difficult to get the market leading manufacturers products causing a slow reaction to this growing trend.
The official details can be found on the OMS website;
This system has filled a void and will offer the “at home” and traveling diver freedom from the weight concerns of handling “back mounted” doubles. Side-mount allows individuals with limited physical abilities and lower back issues to enjoy the redundancy of two tanks and two regulators by minimizing the amount of weight on the lower back and lowering the center of gravity for increased stability when entering/exiting the water. Additionally reaching behind your head to shut off or turn on your manifold valve is a thing of the past as both cylinder valves are near your hands. Traveling divers can relax knowing that easily available single tanks are all they need to enjoy redundancy and adequacy of gas supply for any dive around the world.
- Features:
- Allows the diver to utilize most harness and wing systems (with standardized 11 inch O.C. hole spacing)
- Over the shoulder design keeps the wing close to the divers back and allows air to travel freely from divers left to right
- Integral bib adds over 1/8” inch of abrasion protection to the vulnerable top part of the wing
- No changes to the fit of the harness throughout the inflation of the wing from empty to full capacity
- Permits the Rebreather diver to back mount the CCR scrubber and side mount the Oxygen and Diluent cylinders
- Enables the diver to back mount the bottom gas and side mount the decompression gases
- Streamlines the diver allowing access to tight, remote, hard to reach caves and wreck passage ways.
Below are some pictures from the OMS Website about the new product.























































































































































































































